There are several critical measures in the Project performance evaluation such as time, cost, and quality. In this paper, a new method for Project performance evaluation is presented by combining the Project Golden Triangle and the methods in decision science. At first, strategies and measures are introduced for the perspectives of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) method according to their effect on time, cost, and quality. Next, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is used to weigh the measures by the judgments of experts after integrating AHP and BSC. Then, the weights of the five Project phases — from the initiation to the closure — are calculated by the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). Our proposed TOPSIS is not only able to involve the judgments of experts, but also, in combination with AHP, can provide a comprehensive performance evaluation method for a Project. Finally, using the judgments of experts of a real Project-based organization, computational results show that financial measures are more important than other measures and the planning phase is the most important phase of the Project. By the proposed method, a Project-based organization can evaluate its performance and determine its competitiveness.

Speciated samples of PM2.5 were collected at the Hamshire and Orange sites in Golden Triangle of Texas by US EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) from July of 2003 to August of 2005. A total of 269 samples for the Hamshire site and 293 samples for the Orange site with 52 species were measured; however, 22 species were excluded because of too many below-detectionlimit data. Among the 22 species excluded, 20 species are common to both sites. Due to the laboratory change about November 1st of 2004 and possible analytical artifacts, phosphorous was excluded as well. The two data sets were analyzed by positive matrix factorization (PMF) to infer the sources of PM observed at the two sites. The analysis identified nine common source-related factors: sulfaterich secondary aerosol, cement/carbon-rich, wood smoke, motor vehicle/road dust, metal processing, nitrate-rich secondary aerosol, soil, sea salt, and chloride depleted marine aerosol. Sulfate and nitrate mainly exist as ammonium salts. The sulfate-rich secondary aerosol accounts for 42% and 43% of the PM mass concentrations at the Hamshire and the Orange sites, respectively. The factor containing highest concentrations of Cl and Na was attributed to sea salt due to the proximity of the monitoring sites to the Gulf of Mexico. The chloride depleted marine aerosol was related to the sea salt aerosol but was identified separately due to the chlorine replacement reactions. Basically, the factors of sulfate, motor vehicle/road dust, nitrate, soil, sea salt, and chloride depleted marine aerosol at the two sites showed similar chemical composition profiles and seasonal variation reflecting these six factors were likely to be Golden Triangle regionally related sources. Ceent/carbon-rich, wood smoke, and metal processing factor were likely to be the local sources.

These paper discuses a model for performance evaluation of research Projects, based on Project Triangle, which includes three parameters: time, cost and scope. Some models for performance evaluation of Projects have been proposed in literature, such as checklist, scoring model, analytic hierarchy process and engineering economy techniques. Here, a different measurements criterion has been developed for evaluating performance of Projects as; deviation of time, cost and quality based on Project Triangle. Then the relevant function was developed from the concept of quadratic loss function in quality engineering. The developed model needs defined conditions for evaluating Projects performance. At first conditions are defined and their deviation from established criteria calculated. The calculated deviations are used to measure Project performance.The developed model tested with data, which was generated at an engineering research institute and compared with the actual performance data. The generated results are satisfactory.

Context and Purpose: This study aims to analyze the impact of marketing tools, namely advertising, personal selling, and sales promotion, on the tourism marketing performance of Iran’s Golden Triangle region (Isfahan, Shiraz, and Yazd), focusing on the mediating role of public relations.Methodology: From a methodological perspective, the research is applied in purpose and descriptive-survey. Data were collected in 2025 from 370 domestic and international tourists using a structured questionnaire. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed to analyze the data.Findings: The findings indicate that advertising (β = 0.367, p < 0.001) and sales promotion (β = 0.145, p = 0.013) have significant positive effects on tourism marketing performance. Moreover, the mediating role of public relations in the effects of advertising (β = 0.102, p = 0.001) and sales promotion (β = 0.121, p = 0.013) was confirmed.Conclusion: These results suggest that strategic alignment between multimedia advertising, creative sales promotions, and effective public relations management can significantly enhance tourism marketing outcomes. The novelty of this research lies in integrating promotional strategies with the mediating function of public relations within a structural model. From a practical standpoint, the findings offer a foundation for formulating cultural marketing policies and campaigns aimed at fostering sustainable tourism development in Iran’s leading destinations.Originality/value: The novelty of this study lies in integrating advertising approaches with the mediating role of public relations within a structural equation modeling framework.

Coopetition in tourism is a positive strategy that can create opportunities for large and small destinations, which ultimately leads to the development of tourism destinations. The main reason for cooperation with competitors among tourism organizations is to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage by integrating resources or the ability to share tourism knowledge in common places. This research was carried out with the aim of evaluating the drivers of the coopetition strategy in the formation of the Golden Triangle Consortium of Tourism in Iran. The statistical sample of this research is consisted of 20 experts who are members of the Golden Triangle Consortium of Tourism in Iran. To achieve the purposes of the research, fuzzy DEMATEL technique was used. The results showed that based on D+R values, the stimulus “expected goals” and “resources and capabilities” with values of 4. 19 and 4. 08 are known as the most important stimuli in the formation of coopetition strategy. “Expected goals” is the most important driver of coopetition in the formation of the Golden Triangle Consortium of Tourism in Iran, because the members of this consortium seek to take a larger share of the global market in order to maintain their position in international tourism. According to the D-R values, the most effective stimulus can be “technological demand” with a value of-1. 13. What has caused the competition between the three provinces in this consortium is trying to get more tourists than each other. According to the results obtained from the DEMATEL technique, it can be claimed that the cooperation and competition among these three cities have made them tend to take this strategy.

The structure and style of the Arabic ode was first standardized around traditional patterns. Through the ages, however, some of its features were challenged and then shifted. Due to the emergence of other types of poetic frameworks based on folkloric patterns which were quite diverse, harmoniously charming, and had. the wonderful capacity to express passionately lovelorn emotions and to describe natural beauties, the ancient ode style was severely challenged. During the contemporary period, however, the third side of this Triangle of shift is being completed. . It is a shift that tries to make the internal and external characteristics of the oldest and greatest pattern of Arabic verse different and innovative

A non-contradictible axiomatic theory is constructed under the local reversibility of the metric trian-gle inequality. The obtained notion includes the metric spaces as particular cases and the generated metric topology is T1-separated and generally, non-Hausdor .